NUCLEAR ENERGY IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA – ENERGY NEED AND LEGAL PREREQUISITES

This paper analyses the need for the introduction of nuclear energy in the Republic of Serbia in the context of the energy transition, increasing electricity demand, and obligations arising from climate policies and economic mechanisms aimed at discouraging the use of fossil fuels. Starting from the limitations of existing energy sources (both regulatory and technical), the paper highlights the importance of nuclear energy as a stable and low-carbon source. Particular attention is devoted to the analysis of the current legal framework in the Republic of Serbia and its alignment with international standards. The paper demonstrates that the existing legislative framework does not provide a sufficient basis for the development of nuclear energy, and that further improvement is required, along with the development of institutional and human capacities. It is concluded that nuclear energy may represent a viable option within Serbia’s energy mix, but only with the establishment of a comprehensive legal and regulatory framework, which constitutes a multidisciplinary task for the professional community.